<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">milmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Военная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Military Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5044</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2074-5044.2022.1.66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">milmed-1011</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие и рост костей черепа в пре- и раннем постнатальном периодах онтогенеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and growth of the skull in pre- and early postnatal periods of ontogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волотовский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volotovski</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Студеникина</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Studenikina</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волотовский А.И., Студеникина Т.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волотовский А.И., Студеникина Т.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volotovski A., Studenikina T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/1011">https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/1011</self-uri><abstract><p>Лекция содержит информацию о развитии костей черепа в эмбриональном и раннем постэмбриональном периодах онтогенеза. Основная часть посвящена обсуждению источников развития костей черепа: склеротомам сомитов мезодермы и клеткам нервного гребня, мигрирующим в области закладки костей черепа; основным процессам, происходящим в ходе их дифференцировки: прямого остеогенеза на примере дифференцировки теменной кости и непрямого остеогенеза на примере развития основной и боковых частей затылочной кости. Представлены данные по перестройке костей в раннем постнатальном периоде онтогенеза и о гуморальных факторах, регулирующих процессы резорбции и образования костной ткани с целью приведения в соответствие с действующими на кость нагрузками и поддержания гомеостаза минеральных веществ в организме.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The lecture contains the background about the development of the human during embryonic and early postembryonic periods of ontogenesis. The main part of the lecture is concerned with the basic data about the sources of primordia’s forming of the skull: sclerotomes of the mesoderm’s somites and nerve crest cells that migrate into the regions of the skull primordia; about differentiation processes in skull: intramembranous ossification as the example of the parietal bone development, endochondral ossification as the example of basic and lateral parts of the occipital bone development and the main stages of both types of ossification and cells taking part in bone forming. The information about the rebuilding of the human skull during early postembryonic period and about humoral factors regulating resorption and forming bone tissue for maintain homeostasis of mineral substances in the organism is provided.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эмбриональный остеогенез</kwd><kwd>развитие костей черепа</kwd><kwd>интрамембранозный остеогенез</kwd><kwd>эндохондральный остеогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>embryonal osteogenesis</kwd><kwd>development of skull</kwd><kwd>intramembranous ossification</kwd><kwd>endochondral ossification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Быков, В. Л. Гистология и эмбриология органов полости рта человека / В. Л. Быков. – С.-Пб, Специальная литература, 1996. – 247 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bykov, V. L. Gistologiya i embriologiya organov polosti rta cheloveka / V. L. Bykov. – S.-Pb, Special‘naya literatura, 1996. – 247 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова, О. В. Эмбриогенез и возрастная гистология внутренних органов человека / О. В. Волкова, М. И. Пекарский. – Москва : Медицина, 1976. – 415 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volkova, O. V. Embriogenez i vozrastnaya gistologiya vnutrennih organov cheloveka / O. V. Volkova, M. I. Pekarskij. – Moskva : Medicina, 1976. – 415 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пэттен Б. М. Эмбриология человека. – М.: Медгиз, 1959. – 768 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petten B. M. Embriologiya cheloveka. – M.: Medgiz, 1959. – 768 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berendsen, A. D. Bone development // A. D. Berendsen, В. R. Olsen // Bone, 2015 Nov;80:14–18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berendsen, A. D. Bone development // A. D. Berendsen, V. R. Olsen // Bone, 2015 Nov;80:14–18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Biewener, A. A. Adaptive changes in trabecular architecture in relation to functional strain patterns and disuse // Biewener AA, Fazzalari NL, Konieczynski DD, Baudinette RV. // Bone, 1996; 19:1–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Biewener, A. A. Adaptive changes in trabecular architecture in relation to functional strain patterns and disuse // Biewener AA, Fazzalari NL, Konieczynski DD, Baudinette RV. // Bone, 1996; 19:1–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brent, A. E. Developmental regulation of somite derivatives: muscle, cartilage and tendon // Brent A. E, Tabin C. J. // Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2002; 12:548–557.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brent, A. E. Developmental regulation of somite derivatives: muscle, cartilage and tendon // Brent A. E, Tabin C. J. // Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2002; 12:548–557.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carter, DR. Mechanical factors in bone growth and development // Carter D. R., Van Der Meulen M. C., Beaupre G. S. // Bone, 1996; 18:5S–10S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carter, DR. Mechanical factors in bone growth and development // Carter D. R., Van Der Meulen M. C., Beaupre G. S. // Bone, 1996; 18:5S–10S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Helms, J. A. Cranial skeletal biology // Helms J. A, Schneider R. A. // Nature, 2003; 423:326–331.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Helms, J. A. Cranial skeletal biology // Helms J. A, Schneider R. A. // Nature, 2003; 423:326–331.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hojo, H. Coordination of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis by hypertrophic chondrocytes in endochondral bone development. Hojo H, Ohba S, Yano F, Chung UI. // J Bone Miner Metab, 2010 Sep;28(5):489–502.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hojo, H. Coordination of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis by hypertrophic chondrocytes in endochondral bone development. Hojo H, Ohba S, Yano F, Chung UI. // J Bone Miner Metab, 2010 Sep;28(5):489–502.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karsenty, G. Reaching a genetic and molecular understanding of skeletal development // Karsenty G, Wagner E. F. // Dev Cell. 2002; 2:389–406.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karsenty, G. Reaching a genetic and molecular understanding of skeletal development // Karsenty G, Wagner E. F. // Dev Cell. 2002; 2:389–406.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelly, D. J. The role of mechanical signals in regulating chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells // Kelly D. J., Jacobs C. R. // Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today 2010, 90, 75–85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelly, D. J. The role of mechanical signals in regulating chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells // Kelly D. J., Jacobs C. R. // Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today 2010, 90, 75–85.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kito, H. Role of K+and Ca2+-Permeable Channels in Osteoblast Functions. Kito H, Ohya S. // Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 28;22(19):10459.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kito, H. Role of K+and Ca2+-Permeable Channels in Osteoblast Functions. Kito H, Ohya S. // Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 28;22(19):10459.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мооre, K. L. The developing human / K. L. Мооre. 10th ed. W. B. Saunders Company, 2016. 462 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moore, K. L. The developing human / K. L. Moore. 10th ed. W. B. Saunders Company, 2016. 462 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mori-Akiyama, Y. Sox9 is required for determination of the chondrogenic cell lineage in the cranial neural crest. // Mori-Akiyama Y, Akiyama H, Rowitch D. H, de Crombrugghe B. // Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:9360–9365.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mori-Akiyama, Y. Sox9 is required for determination of the chondrogenic cell lineage in the cranial neural crest. // Mori-Akiyama Y, Akiyama H, Rowitch D. H, de Crombrugghe B. // Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:9360–9365.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olsen, B. R. Bone development. // Olsen B. R., Reginato A. M., Wang W. // Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000; 16:191–220.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olsen, B. R. Bone development. // Olsen B. R., Reginato A. M., Wang W. // Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2000; 16:191–220.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Percival C. J. Angiogenesis and Intramembranous Osteogenesis // C. J. Percival, J. T. Richtsmeier // Dev Dyn. 2013 August ; 242(8): 909–922.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Percival C. J. Angiogenesis and Intramembranous Osteogenesis // C. J. Percival, J. T. Richtsmeier // Dev Dyn. 2013 August ; 242(8): 909–922.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ross, M. H. Histology: Text and Atlas: with correlated cell and molecular biology / W. Pawlina, M. H. Ross, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2018, 974 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ross, M. H. Histology: Text and Atlas: with correlated cell and molecular biology / W. Pawlina, M. H. Ross, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2018, 974 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sadler, T. W. Lagman’s medical embryology / T. W. Sadler. 13th ed. Wolters Klumer, 2015. 407 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sadler, T. W. Lagman’s medical embryology / T. W. Sadler. 13th ed. Wolters Klumer, 2015. 407 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Studer, D. Molecular and biophysical mechanisms regulating hypertrophic differentiation in chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells // Studer D., Millan C., Ozturk E., Maniura-Weber K., Zenobi-Wong M. // Eur Cell Mater 2012, 24, 118–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Studer, D. Molecular and biophysical mechanisms regulating hypertrophic differentiation in chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells // Studer D., Millan C., Ozturk E., Maniura-Weber K., Zenobi-Wong M. // Eur Cell Mater 2012, 24, 118–35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang, L. Hypertrophic chondrocytes can become osteoblasts and osteocytes in endochondral bone formation // Yang L., Tsang K. Y., Tang H. C., Chan D., Cheah K. S. // Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014; 111:12097–12102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang, L. Hypertrophic chondrocytes can become osteoblasts and osteocytes in endochondral bone formation // Yang L., Tsang K. Y., Tang H. C., Chan D., Cheah K. S. // Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014; 111:12097–12102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
