milmedВоенная медицинаMilitary Medicine2074-5044Белорусский государственный медицинский университет10.51922/2074-5044.2022.1.80milmed-1013Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESГендерные и возрастные особенности симптоматологии COVID-19Gender and age characteristics of COVID-19 symptomatologyЗатолокаП. А.ZatolokaP. A.БойкоЕ. С.BoykoE. S.

Минск

КазлякД. Д.KazlyakD. D.РожковаА. В.RozhkovaA. V.

Минск

УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»BelarusУЗ «4-я городская клиническая больница им. Н. Е. Савченко»BelarusУЗ «Центральная районная клиническая поликлиника»Belarus202203112026018087Copyright © Затолока П.А., Бойко Е.С., Казляк Д.Д., Рожкова А.В., 20262026Затолока П.А., Бойко Е.С., Казляк Д.Д., Рожкова А.В.Zatoloka P.A., Boyko E.S., Kazlyak D.D., Rozhkova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/1013Цель

Цель: определить особенности симптоматологии коронавирусной инфекции в зависимости от гендерного и возрастного критериев.

Материал

Материал. В исследовании участвовало 103 человека, находящихся на стационарном лечении в УЗ «4-я городская клиническая больница им. Н. Е. Савченко» г. Минска. У всех пациентов методом полимеразной цепной реакции была установлена «Коронавирусная инфекция» (МКБ-10 – В34.2).

Результаты

Результаты. Общие симптомы COVID-19 выявили у всех обследованных пациентов, оториноларингологические проявления – у 77,7% анкетированных, нарушение восприятия запаха выявили у 46,6%, нарушение восприятия вкуса – у 37,9%. Выявили закономерность в проявлениях COVID-19 среди мужчин и женщин. Жалобы общего характера либо чаще предъявляли мужчины, либо частота предъявления жалоб не зависела от пола. Локальные проявления заболевания (жалобы на состояние желудочно-кишечного тракта, ЛОР органов, нарушение восприятия запаха и вкуса) чаще беспокоили женщин. Возрастной аспект также оказал влияние на симптоматологию COVID-19 инфекции: от стадии молодого возраста (18–44 года) к стадии среднего возраста (45–59 лет) по большинству симптомов заболевания выявили рост частоты выявления. От стадии среднего возраста (45–59 лет) к стадии пожилого возраст (60–74 года) по 14 симптомам заболевания выявили снижение их частоты выявления. От стадии пожилого возраст (60–74 года) к стадии старческого возраста (75–90 лет) по 10 симптомам заболевания выявили рост их частоты выявления, по 5 – снижение. Для таких симптомов как нарушение обоняния, нарушение вкуса, кашель влажный различия в частоте выявления в возрастных группах имели статистически значимый характер.

Вывод

Вывод. Симптоматология COVID-19 существенно отличается в зависимости от пола и возраста пациентов.

Purpose

Purpose: to determine the features of the symptomatology of coronavirus infection depending on gender and age criteria.

Material

Material. The study involved 103 people who were inpatient treatment at the «4th city clinical hospital», Minsk. All patients were diagnosed with «Coronavirus infection» by the polymerase chain reaction method.

Results

Results. General symptoms of COVID-19 were detected in all examined patients, otorhinolaryngological manifestations – in 77.7% of the respondents, impaired odor perception was detected in 46.6%, impaired taste perception – in 37.9%. Revealed a pattern in the manifestations of COVID-19 among men and women. General complaints were either more often reported by men, or the frequency of complaints did not depend on gender. Local manifestations of the disease (complaints about the state of the gastrointestinal tract, ENT organs, impaired perception of smell and taste) more often worried women. The age aspect also influenced the symptomatology of COVID-19 infection: from the stage of young age (18–44 years) to the stage of middle age (45–59 years) for most of the symptoms of the disease, an increase in the detection rate was revealed. From the stage of middle age (45–59 years) to the stage of advanced age (60–74 years), 14 symptoms of the disease showed a decrease in their detection frequency. From the stage of advanced age (60–74 years) to the stage of senile age (75–90 years), 10 symptoms of the disease showed an increase in their detection frequency, and 5 – a decrease. For such symptoms as impaired sense of smell, impaired taste, wet cough, the differences in the frequency of detection in age groups were statistically significant.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The symptomatology of COVID-19 differs significantly depending on the sex and age of the patients.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.