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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">milmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Военная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Military Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5044</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2074-5044.2024.4.101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">milmed-183</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль ультразвукового исследования в дифференциальной диагностике раннего артрита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ROLE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF EARLY ARTHRITIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сиденко</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidzenka</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хидченко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khidchenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апанасович</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Apanasovich</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сиденко В.М., Хидченко С.В., Апанасович В.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сиденко В.М., Хидченко С.В., Апанасович В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sidzenka V.M., Khidchenko S.V., Apanasovich V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/183">https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/183</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена применению ультразвукового исследования в дифференциальной диагностике раннего артрита. Представлена краткая история сонографической визуализации в ревматологии. Приведены стандарты получения изображений рабочей группы The European League Against Rheumatism (The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) по ультразвуковому исследованию опорно-двигательного аппарата. Указаны преимущества ультразвукового исследования перед другими методами визуализации, используемыми ревматологами в диагностике артритов, включающие экономическую эффективность, доступность, безопасность, возможность провести многоплановую и динамическую оценку состояния суставов в режиме реального времени. Приведены согласованные определения распространенных сонографических патологических изменений при ревматических заболеваниях, описанные Ultrasound Working Group, включающие синовит, энтезит, теносиновит, повреждение сухожилия, костные эрозии, остеофиты, повреждение хряща, отложение кристаллов. Обсуждается сложность диагностики раннего артрита при неоднозначности результатов клинического обследования, лабораторных анализов и рентгенограмм. Описаны ультразвуковые признаки поражения суставов при ревматоидном артрите, спондилоартритах, микрокристаллических артритах, остеоартрите, системных заболеваниях соединительной ткани. Особое внимание уделено проведению дифференциальной диагностики между разными типами раннего артрита. Обоснована важность использования ультразвуковой визуализации в выявлении раннего артрита в качестве дополнительного метода исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the application of ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of early arthritis. The authors present a brief history of sonography use in rheumatology. The article characterizes imaging standards of The European League Against Rheumatism (The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) working group on musculoskeletal ultrasound. The authors outline the advantages of ultrasound over other methods of visualization used by rheumatologists in the diagnosis of arthritis, including cost-effectiveness, accessibility, safety, and the ability to perform real-time multidimensional and dynamic assessment of joints. The article presents the consensual definitions of common sonographic pathological changes in rheumatic diseases described by the Ultrasound Working Group, including synovitis, enthesitis, tenosynovitis, tendon damage, bone erosions, osteophytes, cartilage damage, and crystal deposition. The authors discuss the difficulty in diagnosing of early arthritis with ambiguous findings of clinical examination, laboratory tests, and X-ray. The article describes the ultrasound signs of joint lesions in rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, microcrystalline arthritis, osteoarthritis, and systemic connective tissue diseases. Special attention is paid to differential diagnosis between various types of early arthritis. The authors substantiate the importance of using ultrasound in identifying early arthritis as an additional method of imaging.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование</kwd><kwd>ранний артрит</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>спондилоартрит</kwd><kwd>микрокристаллические артриты</kwd><kwd>остеоартрит</kwd><kwd>системные заболевания соединительной ткани</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultrasonography</kwd><kwd>early arthritis</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>spondyloarthritis</kwd><kwd>microcrystalline arthritis</kwd><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd><kwd>systemic connective tissue diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li, Ko-Jen. Clinical implementation of musculoskeletal ultrasound in rheumatology / Ko-Jen. Li // Int. J. Clin. 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