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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">milmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Военная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Military Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5044</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2074-5044.2023.2.49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">milmed-249</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ. Лечебно-профилактические вопросы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS. Medical and preventive questions</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функциональные и анатомические изменения нижних конечностей во время беременности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FUNCTIONAL AND ANATOMICAL CHANGES IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES DURING PREGNANCY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрыщанович</surname><given-names>В. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khryshchanovich</surname><given-names>V. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Можейко</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozheyko</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скобелева</surname><given-names>Н. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skobeleva</surname><given-names>N. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»; УЗ «Клинический родильный дом Минской области»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хрыщанович В.Я., Можейко Л.Ф., Скобелева Н.Я., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хрыщанович В.Я., Можейко Л.Ф., Скобелева Н.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khryshchanovich V.Y., Mozheyko L.F., Skobeleva N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/249">https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/249</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести количественную оценку распространенности функциональных и анатомических изменений нижних конечностей беременных, а также обсудить их вероятные причины и актуальные терапевтические рекомендации.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для оценки изменений со стороны нижних конечностей 100 беременных на сроке гестации 38,5±1,3 недель последовательно были включены в очное индивидуальное прямое анкетирование. Возраст пациенток варьировал от 19 до 43 лет (среднее значение 31,4±5,3). Количество предыдущих беременностей и родов составило 2,4±1,5 и 1,8±1,2 соответственно. Демографическая часть опросника включала сведения о возрасте, росте, массе тела и размере обуви до беременности и накануне родов, медицинском и акушерском анамнезе, степени физической активности. Клинический раздел оригинального опросника содержал разделы, связанные с оценкой кожных, сосудистых, неврологических и костно-мышечных расстройств.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За время беременности отмечалось увеличение массы тела женщин с 66,6±14,8 кг до 78,8±14,6 кг, а также размера повседневной обуви на 0,3 см – с 37,9±1,3 до 38,2±1,2 (в 27% наблюдений). Более половины (57%) участников опроса характеризовали уровень ежедневной физической активности как умеренный. Как показало проведенное исследование, 85% беременных отмечали наличие функциональных или анатомических изменений нижних конечностей: со стороны кожи – 53%, сосудов – 49%, периферических нервов – 22% и костно-мышечного аппарата – 69%.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Период гестации характеризуется существенной эндокринной, иммунологической и метаболической перестройкой организма женщины, которая провоцирует возникновение целого ряда как физиологических, так и патологических состояний. Установление распространенности симптомов и синдромов со стороны нижних конечностей послужит основанием для разработки эффективной системы медицинской профилактики и лечения нежелательных последствий со стороны нижних конечностей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the prevalence of functional and anatomical changes in the lower extremities of pregnant women and discuss their possible causes and current therapeutic recommendations.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. To assess changes in the lower extremities, 100 pregnant women at 38.5±1.3 weeks of gestation age were consecutively enrolled in an individual direct questionnaire. Patients’ ages ranged from 19 to 43 years (mean 31.4±5.3). The number of previous pregnancies and labours were 2.4±1.5 and 1.8±1.2 respectively. The demographic part of the questionnaire included information on age, height, body weight and shoe size before pregnancy and antepartum, medical and obstetric history and physical activity. The clinical section of the original questionnaire contained sections related to the assessment of skin, vascular, neurological and musculoskeletal disorders.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During pregnancy, there was an increase in women’s body weight from 66.6±14.8 kg to 78.8±14.6 kg and an increase in casual shoe size by 0.3 cm from 37.9±1.3 to 38.2±1.2 (in 27% of observations). More than half (57%) of study participants described their level of daily physical activity as moderate. The study showed that 85% of pregnant women reported functional or anatomical changes in the lower extremities, which included dermatological changes in 53%, vascular changes in 49%, peripheral nerves changes in 22%, and musculoskeletal changes in 69%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The gestational period is characterised by significant endocrine, immunological and metabolic changes of the pregnant woman, which provokes a range of both physiological and pathological conditions. Establishing the prevalence of lower limb symptoms and syndromes will provide the basis for developing an effective system of medical prevention and treatment of undesirable lower extremities effects.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>функциональные</kwd><kwd>анатомические изменения</kwd><kwd>нижние конечности</kwd><kwd>субъективная оценка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>functional</kwd><kwd>anatomical changes</kwd><kwd>lower extremities</kwd><kwd>subjective interview</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ouzounian JG, Elkayam U. Physiologic changes during normal pregnancy and delivery. Cardiol Clin. 2012 Aug;30(3):317-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccl.2012.05.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ouzounian JG, Elkayam U. 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