milmedВоенная медицинаMilitary Medicine2074-5044Белорусский государственный медицинский университет10.51922/2074-5044.2026.3.120milmed-366Research ArticleБОЕВАЯ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ТРАВМАCOMBAT SURGICAL TRAUMAИнфекционные осложнения минно-взрывной травмы: этиология и антимикробная терапияInfectious complications of mine-explosive trauma: etiology of wound infections and principles of antimicrobial therapy (literature review)ПрокоповичД. А.ProkopovichD. A.

Гомель

Gomel

ЛагунЛ. В.LagunL. V.

Гомель

Gomel

ЯковленкоД. А.YakovlenkoD. A.

Гомель

Gomel

УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет»БеларусьGomel State Medical UniversityBelarus20260109202603120124Copyright © Прокопович Д.А., Лагун Л.В., Яковленко Д.А., 20262026Прокопович Д.А., Лагун Л.В., Яковленко Д.А.Prokopovich D.A., Lagun L.V., Yakovlenko D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/366

Инфекционные осложнения остаются ведущей причиной смертности и длительной госпитализации военнослужащих при минно-взрывной травме (МВТ). Цель работы – изучить современный спектр инфекционных осложнений МВТ, оценить этиологическую структуру возбудителей раневых инфекций и рациональные принципы антимикробной профилактики и терапии. На основании систематического анализа 18 источников научной литературы за 2012–2025 гг. установлено, что инфекционные осложнения развиваются у 27–35 % раненых, при травматических ампутациях – в 52 % случаев. Ведущими возбудителями в современных конфликтах являются полирезистентные грамотрицательные бактерии: Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa – с уровнем карбапенем-резистентности до 73–90 %. Основой антимикробной профилактики остаётся своевременное применение цефазолина согласно протоколу TCCC; ключевым методом профилактики раневой инфекции – радикальная хирургическая обработка раны. Распространение микроорганизмов с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью из зон вооружённых конфликтов представляет глобальную эпидемиологическую угрозу.

Infectious complications remain the leading cause of mortality and prolonged hospitalisation in military personnel sustaining mine-explosive trauma (MET). The aim of this study was to analyse the current spectrum of infectious complications of MET, evaluate the aetiological structure of wound pathogens, and determine rational principles of antimicrobial prophylaxis and therapy. A systematic review of 18 scientific publications from 2012–2025 was performed. Infectious complications were found to develop in 27–35 % of combat casualties and in 52 % of those sustaining traumatic amputations. In contemporary conflicts, the dominant pathogens are multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria– Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiellapneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa – with carbapenem resistance rates reaching 73–90 %. The cornerstone of antimicrobial prophylaxis remains prompt cefazolin administration per TCCC protocol; radical wound debridement is essential for infection prevention. The spread of multidrug-resistant organisms from conflict zones constitutes a global epidemiological threat.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.