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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">milmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Военная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Military Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5044</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">milmed-778</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ. Лечебно-профилактические вопросы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS. Medical and preventive questions</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ результатов хирургического лечения клинически локализованного рака почки при различных способах планирования операции по данным мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of localized kidney cancer with various methods of planning operations according to multispiral computed tomography</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филимонова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filimonova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алешкевич</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleshkevich</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет» ; Минский городской клинический онкологический диспансер</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Филимонова Е.С., Алешкевич А.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Филимонова Е.С., Алешкевич А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Filimonova E.S., Aleshkevich A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/778">https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/778</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: разработка алгоритма диагностики и выбора тактики хирургического лечения клинически локализованного рака почки на основе анализа данных мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии (МСКТ) для снижения риска развития периоперационных осложнений и улучшения функциональных результатов органосохраняющей операции (ОСО).Материал и методы. Материалом для проспективного рандомизированного клинического исследования послужили результаты МСКТ и хирургического лечения пациентов (n = 130) с клинически локализованным раком почки на ранней стадии заболевания (40 (30,8%) пациентов со стадией T1a N0M0 и 90 (69,2%) пациентов со стадией T1bN0M0), которые были прооперированы в период с 2014 по 2019. Оценка периоперационных осложнений выполнялась по классификации Clavien-Dindo. Расчет скорости клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ, мл/мин/1,73м²) выполнялся по уравнению MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease). Все диагностические исследования в условиях онкологического диспансера выполнялись на рентгеновском компьютерном томографе (фирма «General Electric (GE Healthcare)», модель CT660, 64-спиральная система с технологией «IQ Enhance») на базе операционной системы Windows.Результаты. По результатам моновариантного и мультивариантного логистического анализа установлено, что из всех исследуемых показателей только нефрометрические данные мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии, такие как диаметр образования, пространственная локализация опухоли в почке, наличие плотной фиброзной оболочки, преобладание солидного компонента по периферии образования, наличие в опухоли экстраренального компонента, а также деформация чашечно-лоханочной системы (ЧЛС) (р &lt; 0,05 для всех показателей) являются основными дифференциально-диагностическими критериями обоснования технической возможности выполнения энуклеорезекции (ЭрП) или классической резекции почки (РП). При сравнительном анализе результатов ОСО в исследуемой группе выявлено, что применение разработанного способа нефрометрической оценки опухоли почки по данным МСКТ оказало статистически значимое влияние на уменьшение продолжительности хирургического вмешательства (U = 53,0, р = 0,001), объем кровопотери (U = 226,5, р = 0,001), время тепловой ишемии (F = 0,1, р = 0,008), а также на улучшение показателей функционального состояния почечной ткани в раннем, позднем и отдаленном постоперационном периодах (U = 354,5, р = 0,035, U = 343,0, р = 0,024 и U = 288,0, р = 0,004 соответственно). По результатам морфологического исследования не было выявлено взаимосвязи между величиной отступа от опухолевого узла на прогрессирование основного заболевания (F = 1,0, р = 1,0).Заключение. Разработка и использование новой нефрометрической шкалы оценки определенных дифференциально-диагностических критериев опухоли почки по данным МСКТ является основой для выбора способа хирургического вмешательства (РП или ЭрП) при локализованной форме рака почки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: development of an algorithm for diagnosing and choosing the tactics of surgical intervention for localized kidney cancer based on the analysis of multispiral computed tomography data (MSCT) to reduce the risk of perioperative complications and to improve the functional results of nephron-sparing surgery (NSS).Subjects and methods. As material for prospective randomized clinical trial were results of MSCT and surgical treatment of patients (n = 130) with clinically localized kidney cancer at an early stage of a disease (40 (30.8%) patients with a stage of T1aN0M0 and 90 (69.2%) patients with T1bN0M0 stage) which were operated in our clinical center during the period from 2014 to 2019 years. Assessment of the surgical complications was carried out on classification of Clavien-Dindo. Calculation of a glomerular filtration rate (SKF, ml/min./1.73sq.m) was carried out on the equation of MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease). All diagnostic tests in the oncological clinic were performed on the X-ray computer tomography, based on the operating system «Windows» (General Electric (GE Healthcare) company, model CT660, 64-spiral system with IQ Enhance technology).Results. According to the results of monovariant and multivariate analysis, it was found that of all the studied parameters, only nephrometric MSCT data, such as the diameter, the spatial localization of the tumor in the kidney, the presence of a pseudocapsule, the predominance of a solid component at the periphery of formation, the presence of an extrarenal component in the tumor, as well as deformation of the pyelocaliceal system (р &lt; 0,05 for all indicators), are the main differential diagnostic criteria justify the possibility of the technical enucleoresection or classical partial nephrectomy. In the comparative analysis of results of PNS it is revealed that use of the developed way of nephrometry assessment of a tumor of a kidney according to MSCT had statistically significant impact on duration of surgical intervention (U = 53,0, р = 0,001), blood loss volume (U = 226,5, р = 0,001), time of ischemia (F = 0,1, р = 0,008), and also on functional conditions of renal function after operation (U = 354,5, р = 0,035). According to the results of a morphological study of surgical material, no relationship was found between the indentation from the tumor node for the progression of the disease (F = 1,0, p = 1,0).Conclusion. Development and use of a new nephrometry score of assessment certain differential and diagnostic criteria of a tumor according to MSСT is a basis for the choice of surgical intervention (nephron-sparing surgery or enucleoresection) at the localized kidney cancer form.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультиспиральная компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>резекция почки</kwd><kwd>энуклеорезекция</kwd><kwd>почечно-клеточный рак</kwd><kwd>рак почки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multispiral computed tomography</kwd><kwd>nephron-sparing surgery</kwd><kwd>enucleoresection</kwd><kwd>renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>localized kidney cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lindblad, P. Epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma / P. 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