<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">milmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Военная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Military Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-5044</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2074-5044.2025.3.134</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">milmed-79</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE FROM PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спонтанные гемартрозы крупных суставов на фоне постоянного приема антикоагулянтов (клинические случаи).</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spontaneous hemarthroses of large joints during continuous anticoagulant treatment (clinical cases)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хейлик</surname><given-names>C. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Heilik</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинчик</surname><given-names>A. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinchik</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондубов</surname><given-names>Н. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondubov</surname><given-names>N. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деркачев</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derkachev</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ГУ «432 ордена Красной Звезды главный военный клинический медицинский центр Вооруженных Сил Республики Беларусь»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Военно-медицинский институт в УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федоров К.А., Хейлик C.М., Литвинчик A.А., Овчинников Е.В., Кондубов Н.Я., Деркачев В.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федоров К.А., Хейлик C.М., Литвинчик A.А., Овчинников Е.В., Кондубов Н.Я., Деркачев В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorov K.A., Heilik S.M., Litvinchik A.A., Ovchinnikov E.V., Kondubov N.Y., Derkachev V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/79">https://milmed.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/79</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Демонстрация и анализ клинических случаев спонтанных гемартрозов дегенеративно измененных крупных суставов вследствие длительного приема прямых антикоагулянтов.</p><p>Проспективное наблюдение трех пациентов в возрасте от 80 до 90 лет, проходивших лечение в 432 ГВКМЦ с 2020 по 2024 гг. с диагнозом «спонтанный гемартроз плечевого сустава на фоне длительного приема антикоагулянтов». Рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки антикоагулянтной терапии при возникновении гемартрозов крупных суставов. Проведен анализ оказанной травматологической помощи и последующей корректировки антикоагулянтной терапии. Во всех описанных в исследовании случаях гемартроз был купирован после достижения адекватного гемостаза, а также произведена коррекция дозировки принимаемых антикоагулянтов.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Спонтанный гемартроз это характерное осложнение, возникающее при длительном приеме прямых антикоагулянтов, которое требует неотложной квалифицированной травматологической помощи. При возникновении спонтанного гемартроза возможно возобновить антикоагулянтную терапию лишь после лечебно-диагностической пункции полости сустава и достижения эффективного гемостаза. Лечение спонтанного гемартроза при высоком риске тромбообразования требует многостороннего подхода, последующей оценки риска кровотечения по шкале HAS-BLED и контроля коагулограммы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Demonstration and analysis of clinical cases of spontaneous hemarthroses of degeneratively altered large joints due to prolonged use of direct anticoagulants.</p><p>Prospective observation of three patients aged 80 to 90 years who were treated at the 432nd Military Clinical Medical Center from 2020 to 2024 with a diagnosis of «spontaneous hemarthrosis of the shoulder joint on long-term anticoagulant treatment.» The advantages and disadvantages of anticoagulant therapy in the occurrence of hemarthroses of large joints were considered. The analysis of the provided traumatological care and subsequent adjustment of anticoagulant therapy was conducted. In all cases described in the study, the hemarthrosis had been treated after achieving adequate hemostasis, and the dosage of the administered anticoagulants was adjusted.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Spontaneous hemarthrosis is a characteristic complication that occurs with prolonged use of direct anticoagulants, which requires urgent qualified traumatological care. If spontaneous hemarthrosis occurs, it is possible to resume anticoagulant therapy only after a diagnostic and therapeutic joint puncture and achieving effective hemostasis. Treatment of spontaneous hemarthrosis in high risk of thrombosis requires a multidisciplinary approach, subsequent assessment of bleeding risk using the HAS-BLED scale, and monitoring of coagulogram.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спонтанные гемартрозы</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянтная терапия</kwd><kwd>лечебно-диагностическая суставная пункция</kwd><kwd>риск тромбообразования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spontaneous hemarthroses</kwd><kwd>anticoagulant therapy</kwd><kwd>diagnostic and therapeutic joint puncture</kwd><kwd>thrombosis risk</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">.1. Бурячковская, Л. И. Алгоритмы и шкалы риска тромбоза и кровотечения в кардиологии и неврологии: практическое пособие / Бурячковская, Л. И. [и др.]. – Москва, 2018. – 104 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buryachkovskaya, L. I. Algoritmy i shkaly riska tromboza i krovotecheniya v kardiologii i nevrologii: prakticheskoe posobie / Buryachkovskaya, L. I. [i dr.]. – Moskva, 2018. – 104 c.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dalrymple, J. Management of Haemarthrosis in Patients On Oral Anticoagulants / J. Dalrymple et al. // Geriatr. Orthop. Surg. Rehabil. – 2022. – Vol. 13. – P. 174–180.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dalrymple, J. Management of Haemarthrosis in Patients On Oral Anticoagulants / J. Dalrymple et al. // Geriatr. Orthop. Surg. Rehabil. – 2022. – Vol. 13. – P. 174–180.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerster, J. C. Hemarthroses complicating anticoagulant therapy (heparin, oral anticoagulants) // Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. – 1977. – Vol. 107, № 33. – P. 1170–1172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerster, J. C. Hemarthroses complicating anticoagulant therapy (heparin, oral anticoagulants) // Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. – 1977. – Vol. 107, № 33. – P. 1170–1172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wild, J. H. Hemarthrosis associated with sodium warfarin therapy / J. H. Wild, N. J. Zvaifler // Arthritis Rheum. – 1976. – Vol. 19, № 1. – P. 98–102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wild, J. H. Hemarthrosis associated with sodium warfarin therapy / J. H. Wild, N. J. Zvaifler // Arthritis Rheum. – 1976. – Vol. 19, № 1. – P. 98–102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">L. Wirth, L. Cornelius P. Spontaneous haemarthrosis causing anterior shoulder dislocation / Wirth // Eur. J. Emerg. Med. – 2010. – Vol. 17, № 6. – P. 316–317.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">L.	Wirth, L. Cornelius P. Spontaneous haemarthrosis causing anterior shoulder dislocation / L. Wirth // Eur. J. Emerg. Med. – 2010. – Vol. 17, № 6. – P. 316–317.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
