In 2020, the 4th edition of the guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was released, prepared by an international panel of experts under the auspices of the American Society of Enhanced Recovery and the Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia based on a comprehensive search and review of literature up to September 2019. This guide includes 7 blocks of advice for the prevention and treatment of PONV in children and adults. This document contains recommendations for identifying patients at high risk of PONV development, management of the underlying risks of PONV, the choice of preventive and pathogenetic treatment for PONV, as well as recommendations for the state implementation of the PONV protocol. In addition, the latest revision of the guidelines focuses on data on new drugs, discussions on the use of general multimodal prophylaxis and management of PONV as part of the fast track concept.

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