METHODS OF RESTORATIVE TREATMENT OF MYOFACIAL PAIN SYNDROME (BRIEF REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among patients who go to medical organizations for pain is in the range of up to 80–85 %. Musculoskeletal nonspecific low back pain is associated with the involvement of muscles, tendons, ligaments, and facet joints. Myofascial pain syndrome in the structure of musculoskeletal pain is characterized by a chronic course with the formation of trigger points in limited areas of tense muscles and fascia. In the treatment of musculoskeletal pain in chronic course, the main role is assigned to physical therapy, physiotherapy, manual therapy along with the appointment of antidepressants, acupuncture and massage are recommended, but the level of evidence of the effectiveness of these methods is low. The article contains information about modern methods of medical rehabilitation, including drug therapy used both in the acute period of the disease and in the chronic course of myofascial pain syndrome. Moreover, this article shows the methods of non-drug medical rehabilitation of myofascial pain syndrome, which are highly effective, which is achieved by influencing the main pathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of myofascial trigger zones. Modern methods used in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome, such as kinesiotaping, photomodulation, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, are demonstrated. It is concluded that it is necessary to further study the methods of medical rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal pain, and their combination, since an integrated approach to the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome significantly increases the effectiveness of the treatment.

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