Maxillary sinusitis: etiology, clinic, diagnosis, treatment

Maxillary sinusitis is one of the most common diseases in the clinical practice of a maxillofacial surgeon and an otorhinolaryngologist. Due to the fact that the majority of patients are young and middle-aged people, that is, the working-age population, this creates a serious medical and economic problem. The etiology of maxillary sinusitis is rhinogenic; odontogenic; traumatic. An analysis of archival medical documents over the past 5 years shows that odontogenic maxillary sinusitis accounts for on average almost half of all maxillary sinusitis – 1365 (47 %) cases. one of the most common treatments in the department of maxillofacial surgery, ranking second with 334 (21 %) cases. The study is based on an analysis of 2908 archival medical records of patients diagnosed with maxillary sinusitis who were treated at the 11th City Clinical Hospital in Minsk for the period from 2019 to 2023. The main causes of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis were identified: violation of oroantral anastomosis, periodontitis, connection of the root and sinuses with the oral cavity, foreign body (tooth root, implant, fragment of bone material, filling material). It was also revealed that the most common causes of maxillary sinusitis were: the first molar (36 %), the second molar (23 %), the third molar (16 %) and the second premolar (8 %).

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