A study of 27,429 specimens was conducted in an outpatient population of patients, including men and women who applied for examination for sexually transmitted infections. Positive results for the detection of the pathogen M. hominis were obtained in 5.1%, of which the proportion of mono-infection was 0.3%, combined with U. urealyticum – 4.8%. During the 9-year follow-up, there was a statistically significant tendency to reduction of the detection of M. hominis infection among this category of patients. The detection rate of «pathological» contamination (> 104 CFU/ml) was 6.3% in case of mono-infection, in combination with U. urealyticum 9.1%. There were no statistically significant differences indicating a mutual aggravating effect of the combination of two Mycoplasma pathogens (p > 0.05). Tetracycline antibiotics and fluoroquinolones, which have shown the best results of laboratory testing, should be considered the drugs of choice in the treatment of M. hominis infection. For the treatment of pregnant women and children, josamycin can be recommended. Treatment is indicated mainly for patients with clinical signs of inflammation.

1. Ahmadi M.H., Mirsalehian A., Sadighi Gilani M.A., Bahador A., Talebi M. Asymptomatic Infection with Mycoplasma hominis negatively affects semen parameters and leads to male infertility as confirmed by improved semen parameters after antibiotic treatment // Urology. 2017 Feb;100:97-102.

2. Cox C., Watt A.P., McKenna J.P., Coyle P.V. Mycoplasma hominis and Gardnerella vaginalis display a significant synergistic relationship in bacterial vaginosis // Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016 Mar;35(3):481-7.

3. Huang C., Long X., Jing S., Fan L., Xu K., Wang S., Zhu W. Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis infections and semen quality in 19,098 infertile men in China // World J Urol. 2016 Jul;34(7):1039-44.

4. Ito S., Hanaoka N., Shimuta K., Seike K., Tsuchiya T., Yasuda M., Yokoi S., Nakano M., Ohnishi M., Deguchi T. Male non-gonococcal urethritis: From microbiological etiologies to demographic and clinical features // Int J Urol. 2016 Apr;23(4):325-31.

5. Jang Y.S., Min J.W., Kim YS. Positive culture rate and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum // Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2019 Mar;62(2):127-133.

6. Kasprzykowska U., Sobieszczańska B., Duda-Madej A., Secewicz A., Nowicka J., Gościniak G. A twelve-year retrospective analysis of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis in the province of Lower Silesia in Poland // Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2018 Jan;220:44-49.

7. León D., Retamal J., Silva R., Ili C., Mieville S., Guzmán P., Briceño G., Brebi P. [Molecular detection of sexually transmitted agents in a symptomatic group of men and its relationship with sexual behavior]. [Article in Spanish] // Rev Chilena Infectol. 2016 Oct;33(5):505-512.

8. Mousavi A., Farhadifar F., Mirnejad R., Ramazanzadeh R. Detection of genital mycoplasmal infections among infertile females by multiplex PCR // Iran J Microbiol. 2014 Dec;6(6):398-403.

9. Taylor-Robinson D. Mollicutes in vaginal microbiology: Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma genitalium // Res Microbiol. 2017 Nov - Dec;168(9-10):875-881.

10. Tine R.C., Dia L., Sylla K., Sow D., Lelo S., Ndour C.T. Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma infections among women with vaginal discharge at Fann teaching hospital in Senegal // Trop Parasitol. 2019 Jan-Jun;9(1):45-53.