Indications for the use of the puncture method for the treatment of chronic sinusitis in HIV-infected patients depend on the form of inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (exudative, proliferative or alterative) and are determined by the clinical stage of immunodeficiency. The puncture method is indicated for the treatment of chronic sinusitis in HIV-infected individuals in the first and second clinical stages of immunodeficiency, since in these subgroups of patients the likelihood of an exudative form of chronic sinusitis is similar to that in HIV-negative individuals. The use of the puncture method for the treatment of chronic sinusitis is not indicated for HIV-infected patients at the third and fourth clinical stages of immunodeficiency, since these subgroups of patients are statistically significantly more likely to have a proliferative form of chronic sinusitis in comparison with HIV-negative individuals.

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