Evaluation of neovascularization in the treatment of experimental critical ischemia with mesenchymal stem cells

The dynamics of cellular predictors of non-musculogenesis (α-SMA smooth muscle actin, DM 31–positive capillaries, VEGFR-1 expression) after local administration of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (MSCS) in experimental critical lower limb ischemia (KINK) was studied.

Experimental studies were conducted on 55 rats in which clinical ischemia of the lower extremities (KINK) was simulated, divided into 5 groups: group 1 (n = 6) – intact animals; group 2 (n = 13) – animals with unilateral KINK; group 3 (n = 12) – animals with KINK treatment pentoxifylline; group 4 (n = 12) – animals treated with alprostadil; group 5 (n = 12) animals treated with KINK MSC VT. On the 14th; 28th; On the 60th day of the experiment, biological material was collected with morphological, immunohistochemical and morphometric assessment of the neovasculogenesis of the tissues of the affected limb. There was a significant increase in the expression of α-SMA, DM31-positive neocapillaries in skeletal muscles and VEGFR-1 in endotheliocytes after the use of MSC and on the 28th–60th day of KINK treatment compared with pentoxifylline and alprostadil. The possibility of assessing neovasculogenesis by means of established morphometric and immunohistochemical parameters under KINK conditions has been confirmed.

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