Clinical and pathological characteristics and outcome analysis in 387 patients with colorectal cancer: a retrospective study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the prognosis remains variable and is influenced by numerous factors, including tumor stage, histological subtype, degree of differentiation, and individual patient characteristics. In clinical practice, cases are frequently observed that contradict the conventional assumption of favorable outcomes in early-stage disease, highlighting the need for more nuanced analysis.
A retrospective study was conducted involving 387 patients with histologically confirmed CRC. Paradoxical patterns were identified: the highest proportion of favorable outcomes was observed in stage III (70.0 %) compared to stage I (29.3 %) (OR = 2.39; 95 % CI: 1.15–4.98). A similar trend was noted for T3 tumors (68.8 % favorable outcomes) and the presence of distant metastases (M1) (62.9 %).

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