The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia is at a high level among military personnel, exceeding the similar figures by 4‒5 times among the civilian population of the republic. Clarification of the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in military personnel is one of the most urgent tasks of military medicine. In our study, we evaluated the role of extracellular pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia, such as Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. We examined 108 conscript soldiers (young men, aged 18 to 26 years) who received inpatient treatment for community-acquired pneumonia. The level of etiological diagnosis using bacteriological examination of sputum remains low ‒ no more than 25%. The bacteriological detection of pneumococcus (Str. Pneumoniae) was 97% of cases, what is occupies a certain value in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia. The proportion of intracellular pathogens in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in conscript soldiers is up to 21%. Among those called up for compulsory military service, the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia is 10 times higher than among contract servicemen.

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