The article presents an analysis of qualitative and quantitative shifts in the nosological forms of coronavirus infection, as well as clinical and anatomical forms of this disease. It has been established that the above-mentioned changes are characterized by the predominance of cardiovascular diseases, both non-specific (arrhythmic lesions and secondary arterial hypertension) and specific (viral myocarditis) forms. The data of the original study can be further used in clinical practice for the treatment of patients with coronavirus infection.

Scientific research shows that specific factors of military professional activity can have a negative impact on the health of students, contributing to a decrease in the quality of training for future officers.

The purpose. Assessment of the morbidity rate of cadets during the period of military education.

Materials and methods. Medical documentation was processed and information on the incidence of cadets was collected (n = 1977). Further processing and analysis of the received data was carried out.

Results. The analysis of the cadets’ morbidity showed that respiratory diseases are the leading class in the structure of the general morbidity. Significant differences in the structure and incidence rate between male and female cadets were revealed. In addition, the morbidity rate of cadets of both sexes increased by more than 3 times by the end of the course of study.

Conclusion. The leading classes of diseases in cadets and differences in the structure of morbidity depending on gender differences and an increase in the incidence rate have been established. Further study of the factors of military professional activity that have a negative impact on the incidence rate is required.

The purpose of the study is a physiological and hygienic assessment of the professional conditions of operators of unmanned aerial vehicles.

Research objectives:

1. To study the conditions and nature of the professional activities of UAV operato
2. To conduct a physiological and hygienic assessment of the professional conditions affecting the health and performance of UAV operato

Received data:

The working conditions of the operators depend on the category of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Depending on the design features, technical capabilities and control principle of the unmanned vehicle, the work of specialists is possible both in stationary and in the field, which determines the degree of impact of physical, chemical and biological factors of the operators’ work. The parameters of severity and tension are harmful due to the high intensity of physical exertion, the possibility of being in a forced position, the severity of the load being carried and held, as well as increased intellectual and psycho-emotional stress and a high degree of risk to one’s own life and the degree of responsibility for the safety of others.

During the conducted studies of acute toxicity with intraperitoneal administration of a complex local hemostatic agent (CLHA) based on inorganic salts to outbred mice of both sexes, it was established that LD₅₀ for males is 227,8 mg/kg (205,1÷350,5), for females – 262,5 mg/kg (195,8329,2).

The obtained data on the study of acute toxicity on outbred white mice allow us to classify the solution for local application of CLHA to toxicity class IV (low toxic) in accordance with the toxicity classes of substances (modified classification of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD).

The purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of the method based on the combined use of polymodal physical factors in the traditional version (thermal procedures, vibration massage, art therapy) and in the version with the parallel use of the medicinal gas mixture «Aroxen» (composition: oxygen, argon, xenon) for emergency correction of borderline functional states of hazardous occupation specialists. A total of 29 specialist operators (men, aged 26–45 years) with signs of borderline functional states were examined, divided into a control group (12 people – standard use of the method) and a study group (17 people – with the additional use of «Aroxen»). The duration of 1 procedure was 35 minutes, with a course of 12–14 procedures. Theeffectiveness of correctional programswasmonitored by psychophysiological indicators that characterize the thresholds of perception of multimodal stimuli and the speed of sensorimotor reactions. Correctional measures were accompanied by optimization of the psychophysiological status in both groups. At the same time, in the study group, the severity of positive changes in all the evaluated criteria was much better. The data obtained allow us to consider the developed method as an effective means of emergency correction of violations of the psychophysiological status of hazardous occupation specialists.

The article presents the results of our own research aimed at studying various methods of applying preoperative markings in patients who underwent miniphlebectomy as a method of treating varicose veins of the lower extremities.

The aim is to conduct a comparative assessment of the reactivity of cerebral blood flow during a person’s stay in hypoxic gas media identical in oxygen with different argon content to confirm its antihypoxic effect. A total of 24 male subjects aged 19–25 years were examined, divided into 2 groups of equal size. The subjects of the 1st group were spent for 60 minutes in a gaseous environment with an oxygen content in nitrogen of 10 % vol.; Subjects of the 2nd group – in an environment similar in oxygen with an argon content of 35 % vol. (nitrogen – the rest) also for 60 minutes. The data obtained showed that the addition of argon to the hypoxic medium leads to significantly less centralization of blood circulation than is observed when staying in oxygen-similar «argon-free» environments. This fact confirms the antihypoxic biological activity of argon.

The article presents the prospects of using artificial intelligence technologies in the field of military epidemiology. Artificial intelligence is being actively integrated into military healthcare. The use of accounting, analysis, and decision support systems with artificial intelligence technologies in the field of military epidemiology is possible when monitoring the health of military personnel, assessing the epidemiological situation, conducting sanitary and epidemiological reconnaissance, predicting outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases, monitoring biological threats, and optimizing medical logistics. AI technologies in military epidemiology can be used to automate the accounting and registration of morbidity, retrospective and operational epidemiological analysis, establish a mechanism for the development of the epidemic process of infectious diseases, modeling the situation and monitor possible complications of sanitary and epidemiological arrest in order to increase the effectiveness of timely measures to prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases in the Armed Forces.

In this article presents the interdependence of factors determining the time of search, collection, removal (transportation) of the wounded from the battlefield, a comparative assessment of various types of stretcher evacuation equipment is carried out, a classification of stretcher evacuation equipment is proposed based on the common characteristics of some of their groups, and practical recommendations are developed for officials of the medical service of formations (military units) on the equipment, number and capabilities of evacuation groups in the area of the combat contact line – battalion medical station.

The thoracic aorta accounts for up to 25 % of all cases of aortic aneurysms. In the early stages of this aortic pathology, clinical manifestations are low in specificity and diagnostically insignificant. In 70 % of cases, thoracic aortic aneurysms debut with acute aortic syndrome, which significantly worsens the patient’s prognosis and requires searching for approaches to solving the problem of early diagnostics. The article presents data from the analysis of 97 cases of operated aneurysms and aortic dilations in patients under 45 years of age. According to the frequency of detection of the ascending aorta pathology, the predominance of men is determined, the main etiologic factors in this age group are identified – bicuspid aortic valve (47 % of cases) and infective endocarditis (26 % of cases). Atherosclerotic lesions, hereditary connective tissue disorders and CRHD were encountered with less frequency. In 70 % of cases, there was a painless course. The remaining clinical symptoms did not have diagnostically significant differences in the etiologic subgroups.

The article presents quantitative parameters of the epidemic process of acute respiratory infections in military collectives of the Republic of Belarus. In the long-term dynamics of the incidence of respiratory diseases in military personnel, acute respiratory infections account for 76,5–92,2 %. The average annual incidence rate of acute respiratory infections among military personnel was 358,8±2,11 cases per 1,000, while the incidence rate among conscripted military personnel was 1,7 times higher than that among military personnel serving under contract. In the epidemic process of acute respiratory infections, epidemic growth trends have been established in military personnel. A seasonal increase in morbidity was recorded from the end of October to the middle of April (6,5 months), with maximum seasonal activity indices from December to February (151,1–142,1). For effective anti-epidemic protection of troops, methodological recommendations on the organization and implementation of sanitary and anti-epidemic measures aimed at preventing the introduction, occurrence and spread of acute respiratory infections have been developed and communicated to formations, military units and organizations of the Armed Forces.

Objective. Demonstration and analysis of clinical cases of spontaneous hemarthroses of degeneratively altered large joints due to prolonged use of direct anticoagulants.

Prospective observation of three patients aged 80 to 90 years who were treated at the 432nd Military Clinical Medical Center from 2020 to 2024 with a diagnosis of «spontaneous hemarthrosis of the shoulder joint on long-term anticoagulant treatment.» The advantages and disadvantages of anticoagulant therapy in the occurrence of hemarthroses of large joints were considered. The analysis of the provided traumatological care and subsequent adjustment of anticoagulant therapy was conducted. In all cases described in the study, the hemarthrosis had been treated after achieving adequate hemostasis, and the dosage of the administered anticoagulants was adjusted.

Conclusion. Spontaneous hemarthrosis is a characteristic complication that occurs with prolonged use of direct anticoagulants, which requires urgent qualified traumatological care. If spontaneous hemarthrosis occurs, it is possible to resume anticoagulant therapy only after a diagnostic and therapeutic joint puncture and achieving effective hemostasis. Treatment of spontaneous hemarthrosis in high risk of thrombosis requires a multidisciplinary approach, subsequent assessment of bleeding risk using the HAS-BLED scale, and monitoring of coagulogram.

September 28, 2025 marks the 90th anniversary of the birth of a military doctor, teacher, head of the military departments of the Grodno and Minsk State Medical Institutes, head of the educational department of the Minsk State Medical Institute, recipient of many medals, excellent healthcare worker of the BSSR, Colonel of the medical service Stepanenko Mikhail Alekseevich.